Two Paths, Different Purposes
Home health is designed for short-term, medically necessary recovery at home. It supports a recent illness, injury, or surgery when you need skilled nursing or therapy to regain function. Hospice is for a life-limiting illness when the focus shifts from cure to comfort and quality of life. You can receive many of the same disciplines (nurse, aide, social work), but the goal is symptom control, not rehabilitation or curative treatment for the terminal diagnosis.
Eligibility and Certification
Home health requires a physician’s order, a face-to-face encounter related to the reason for care (typically within 90 days before or 30 days after the start of services), and that you are homebound under Medicare rules. You must need intermittent skilled nursing, physical therapy, speech therapy, or continuing occupational therapy. Covered services can include skilled nursing visits, PT/OT/ST, medical social work, and part-time home health aide support when you also receive skilled care. It does not include 24-hour care, long-term custodial care, or regular meal delivery.
Hospice requires physician certification that life expectancy is six months or less if the disease follows its usual course, and you elect the Medicare hospice benefit for your terminal illness. Initial certification covers two 90-day periods, followed by unlimited 60-day recertifications. A hospice team manages pain and symptoms and provides nursing, aide visits, social work, chaplain services, volunteer support, and bereavement services for the family after death.
Costs and Coverage Nuances
For home health, Medicare covers approved services under Part A and/or Part B. There is generally no copay for home health agency visits; however, durable medical equipment (DME) is billed under Part B with the standard 20% coinsurance after the Part B deductible. Examples include walkers, commodes, or hospital beds deemed medically necessary.
For hospice, Medicare Part A covers most services at or near zero cost to you. Expect a small copayment per outpatient prescription for symptom control and up to 5% coinsurance for inpatient respite care, typically limited to short stays. Hospice supplies, equipment, and medications related to the terminal diagnosis are included under the hospice benefit. Medications for unrelated conditions may continue through Part D, coordinated between the hospice and your drug plan.
Family and Caregiver Considerations
Hospice uniquely includes structured support for families: social workers who help with resources and planning, chaplains for spiritual care, trained volunteers, and bereavement counseling for up to a year. Respite care allows a short inpatient stay so caregivers can rest. In home health, medical social workers can help with community resources, and some agencies offer caregiver training for safe transfers or wound care. In both paths, the care team should coordinate with your existing physicians; in hospice, the hospice medical director becomes the lead for terminal-diagnosis care while your other doctors may remain involved for unrelated conditions.
Choosing What’s Right, Right Now
Start with goals-of-care: is recovery and rehab realistic, or is comfort the priority? You can move between paths as needs change. Patients may revoke hospice to pursue curative care, then re-elect hospice later if eligible. Likewise, someone on home health who declines despite skilled care may be better served by hospice. Document preferences with state-specific advance directives and, when appropriate, a POLST so emergency teams and hospitals know your wishes.
Talk Through Your Options with a Licensed Guide
Medicare rules are technical, and timing matters. Our agents at Foundation Insurance Agency can compare health coverage options in the area, so eligibility, services, and costs are clear before you choose. Give us a call at (333) 333-3333.